Citric acid used in cosmetics is made industrially by fermenting sugars, usually from corn or molasses, using a mold called Aspergillus niger, rather than extracted from citrus fruit as the name might suggest. It's typically used in formulations to lower pH and bind trace metal ions.
How is it used?
Dissolve a small amount into the water phase, check the formula's pH, and adjust gradually rather than all at once.
Forms
Available forms and grades affect how this ingredient behaves and how it should be selected for a formula.
Appearance
Color, texture, and physical characteristics can vary between suppliers and product grades.
Usage rate
Recommended incorporation levels depend on product type, supplier guidance, and the intended result.
Why we use it
Formulators choose this ingredient for specific performance, sensory, and stability benefits.
Strengths and limitations
Its advantages, compatibility considerations, and practical tradeoffs should be weighed during development.
Alternatives and substitutions
Possible replacements depend on the ingredient's role, desired skin feel, and formulation system.
Storage and shelf life
Appropriate storage conditions help protect quality and performance throughout the ingredient's usable life.
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