Tromethamine, also called TRIS or THAM, is a synthetic organic base made by reducing a nitromethane-derived compound with a nickel catalyst. It's typically used in formulations to raise pH, the opposite job of citric acid.
How is it used?
Add it gradually to the water phase while monitoring pH, since a small amount can shift pH significantly.
Forms
Available forms and grades affect how this ingredient behaves and how it should be selected for a formula.
Appearance
Color, texture, and physical characteristics can vary between suppliers and product grades.
Usage rate
Recommended incorporation levels depend on product type, supplier guidance, and the intended result.
Why we use it
Formulators choose this ingredient for specific performance, sensory, and stability benefits.
Strengths and limitations
Its advantages, compatibility considerations, and practical tradeoffs should be weighed during development.
Alternatives and substitutions
Possible replacements depend on the ingredient's role, desired skin feel, and formulation system.
Storage and shelf life
Appropriate storage conditions help protect quality and performance throughout the ingredient's usable life.
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